<p>Information required 88tries: Books 94cles in periodicals: Information required 122tries: Articles in periodicals 125tries: Other sources 135ion required in parentheticalration 156ity 157eferences 160~tes with parenthetical documentation 176pes of parenthetical documentation 179~tes for documentation 183vie manuals 201204phical names 205m scholarly abbreviations and reference words 208Lers' names 213Is and abbreviations used in proofreading andion 216w and religious works 217Research Paper 225PREFACE FOR THEINSTRUCTOR For nearly half a century, the style recommended by the ModernLanguage Association of America for scholarly manuscripts and stu-dent research papers has been widely adopted not only by journalsand university presses but also by graduate schools, college depart-ments, and individual instructors.</p>