This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Computers and Games, CG 2006, held in Turin, Italy, May 29-31, 2006 co-located with the 14th World Computer-Chess Championship and the 11th Computer Olympiad. The 24 revised full papers presented were carefully selected during two rounds of reviewing and improvement from 45 submissions. The papers cover all aspects of artificial intelligence in computer-game playing. Topics addressed are evaluation and learning, search, combinatorial games and theory opening and endgame databases, single-agent search and planning, and computer Go.